AI 3D Generation Part-Controllable Game-Ready Meshes SIGGRAPH 2026

CubePar — CubePart Demo,
Schema Generator &
3D Mesh Guide

The independent resource for CubePart, the open-vocabulary part-controllable 3D generator. Try the live demo, generate part schemas, and learn how to create game-ready multi-part meshes with AI-driven semantic part decomposition.

▶ Try CubePart Demo ⚙ Schema Generator 📖 Read the Guide
CubePart teaser: given a text prompt and a parts schema, CubePart generates structurally complete multi-part 3D meshes that can be animated and driven by behavior scripts
Interactive

CubePart Live Demo

Try the official CubePart demo from Hugging Face Spaces. Generate multi-part 3D meshes by providing a text prompt and a user-defined parts schema.

Official CubePart demo hosted on Hugging Face Spaces — View on Hugging Face

Tool

CubePar Part Schema Generator

Describe any object and instantly generate a CubePart-compatible part schema. The schema defines how your 3D asset will be decomposed into named, game-ready components.

🧰 Schema Generator
🔧 Prompt Builder
Introduction

What Is CubePart?

An open-vocabulary, part-controllable 3D generative framework from Roblox, presented at SIGGRAPH 2026.

CubePart is the first generative framework for open-vocabulary, part-controllable 3D mesh generation. Unlike traditional AI 3D models that produce monolithic meshes, CubePart generates a set of individually named, structurally complete meshes that assemble into a coherent object.

Given a text prompt (e.g. "a dwarven steam-powered drilling machine") and a parts schema (e.g. [hull, drill, tracks, smokestack, cockpit]), CubePart generates one mesh per schema element. Each mesh is a distinct, functional, accurately-labeled component that can be directly integrated into game engines and driven by animation, physics, and gameplay scripts.

The parts schema acts as an API contract between the generated asset and gameplay code. This eliminates the manual post-processing typically required to cut, label, and rig AI-generated 3D models.

CubePart two-stage architecture diagram showing Stage 1 single-mesh generation and Stage 2 multi-part decoding
By the Numbers

CubePart Key Capabilities

462K
Assets in the part-labeled dataset
2.02M
Parts — 11× larger than PartVerse-XL
Open-Vocab.
User-defined part schemas at inference time
Game-Ready
Direct integration into game engines with behavior scripts
References

Official CubePart Sources

Access the paper, code, demo, and official project page.

💻 GitHub Repository
Roblox/cube — CubePart source code, model weights, and checkpoints including multi-part DiT and shape VAE.
📄 arXiv Paper
arXiv 2605.28763 — Full paper with abstract, method, results, and BibTeX citation.
🤗 Hugging Face Paper
Community discussion, related papers, and HF Spaces demo integration.
🌐 Official Project Page
CubePart gallery, method details, dataset comparison, and BibTeX on cubepart.github.io.
Team

CubePart Authors & Affiliations

Published at SIGGRAPH 2026 by researchers from Roblox, Carnegie Mellon University, and Stanford University.

Yiheng Zhu Roblox Kangle Deng Roblox Jean-Philippe Fauconnier Roblox Inaki Navarro Roblox Daiqing Li Roblox Ava Pun Roblox + CMU Yinan Zhang Roblox Peiye Zhuang Roblox Xiaoxia Sun Roblox Maneesh Agrawala Roblox + Stanford Kiran Bhat Project Lead Tinghui Zhou Project Lead

The first four authors contributed equally to this research.

Architecture

How CubePart Works

CubePart uses a two-stage generative architecture that separates global shape synthesis from part-level decoding, powered by a scalable data pipeline that constructs the largest open-vocabulary part-labeled 3D dataset.

CubePart two-stage pipeline: Stage 1 generates single full-shape latent from text and schema, Stage 2 decomposes into part latents using multi-mesh DiT with cross-part attention
Ⅰ Stage 1 — Schema-Aware Single-Mesh Generation
A Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformer (MM-DiT) generates a holistic shape latent conditioned on both the text prompt and the parts schema encoded by Qwen-VL. The model is fine-tuned on schema-augmented prompts so that all requested parts appear in the generated shape.
Ⅱ Stage 2 — Multi-Part Decoding
Takes the Stage 1 latent and decomposes it into distinct part latents. Reuses Stage 1 weights and adds zero-initialized Cross-Part Attention Residual Blocks, enabling structural interaction across parts while preserving the single-mesh prior.
Stage 1

Schema-Aware Single-Mesh Generation (Stage 1)

VecSet-Based Diffusion

Stage 1 adapts a vecset-based diffusion transformer for text-to-3D generation. The pretrained model is fine-tuned on schema-augmented prompts of the form:

<global caption>. This object contains the following parts: <list of part labels>.

Qwen-VL Encoding

The text prompt and schema are encoded using Qwen-VL, a vision-language model that provides rich semantic understanding of the desired object and its component parts.

Stage 1 Multi-Modal DiT architecture showing prompt and schema encoding through Qwen-VL
Stage 2

Multi-Part Decoding with Cross-Part Attention (Stage 2)

Cross-part attention residual block: zero-initialized transformer block operating across latents of all parts

Weight Inheritance

Stage 2 initializes with the MM-DiT weights from Stage 1, preserving the strong single-mesh prior while extending it for multi-part generation.

Cross-Part Attention Residual Blocks

Zero-initialized transformer blocks are injected at four layers. Each block performs cross-part global attention across all part latents and the full shape latent, enabling efficient inter-part structural communication.

Part-Aware Conditioning

Each part receives a part-aware prompt indicating both the target part name and the full schema, ensuring that each generated mesh corresponds to the correct semantic component.

Data

Dataset & Data Engine

Training open-vocabulary part-controllable 3D generators requires datasets that are both large and richly part-labeled. CubePart introduces a scalable data engine combining artist-provided segmentations with VLM-based 3D-aware Set-of-Mark prompting.

Data pipeline comparison: same Objaverse tank asset with artist 7 parts vs PartVerse 17 over-segmented parts vs CubePart 4 meaningful clusters

Vision-Language Model Labeling

The data engine combines artist-provided segmentations with VLMs and 3D-aware Set-of-Mark prompting to produce concise, semantically meaningful part names at scale. This produces concise names (e.g. hull, tracks) rather than the verbose VLM captions found in prior work.

Scale Advantage

With 462K assets and 2.02M parts, the CubePart dataset is more than 11× larger than PartVerse-XL while using concise, schema-friendly part names rather than long descriptive captions.

Comparison

Dataset Comparison

Dataset Assets Parts Open-Vocabulary Part Text Type
ShapeNetPart16K93K✗Taxonomy
PartNet26K573K✗Taxonomy
PartVerse12K91K✓Captions
PartVerse-XL40K320K✓Captions
CubePart (Ours)462K2.02M✓Names
Gallery

CubePart Generation Gallery

Conditioned on a text prompt and a parts schema, CubePart synthesizes detailed global shapes and decomposes them into independent, structurally complete part meshes that adhere to the defined schema.

Dwarven steam driller — a dwarven steam-powered drilling machine with massive rotating drill bit
Dwarven Steam Driller
Rhino tank — a heavily armored futuristic tank designed to resemble a charging rhinoceros
Rhino Tank
Walking fantasy hut — a fantasy cottage hut perched on giant mechanical chicken legs
Walking Fantasy Hut
Wild-west laser pistol — a futuristic energy weapon with old western revolver aesthetic
Wild-West Laser Pistol
Clockwork horse — a mechanical horse construct made of brass gears and copper plating
Clockwork Horse
Deep-sea submersible — a yellow deep-sea research submersible
Deep-Sea Submersible

Browse the full interactive gallery (20+ 3D examples) on the official CubePart project page.

Video

CubePart Summary Video

A comprehensive overview of CubePart's architecture, capabilities, and results presented at SIGGRAPH 2026.

Source: cubepart.github.io

Extended Gallery

20 Additional CubePart Assets

An extended set of multi-part 3D assets generated by CubePart from text prompts and open-vocabulary part schemas. Each asset can be explored in an interactive 3D viewer on the official browse page.

Anti-Grav Speeder

"A sleek, single-seat anti-gravity racing speeder with glowing engine nacelles."

View 3D Model ↗
Cargo Mech

"A bipedal industrial utility mech designed for lifting heavy cargo containers."

View 3D Model ↗
Mushroom House

"A fantasy house grown inside a giant red mushroom with white spots."

View 3D Model ↗
Gothic Rocket Ship

"A spacecraft designed with cathedral-like gothic architecture."

View 3D Model ↗
Crystal Golem

"A mystical golem creature assembled from floating rocks and glowing crystals."

View 3D Model ↗
Scorpion Mech

"A military combat mech designed to look like a giant scorpion."

View 3D Model ↗
Retro Raygun

"A retro-futuristic toy ray gun with fins and bubble chambers."

View 3D Model ↗
Neon-Noir Revolver

"A classic revolver upgraded with glowing neon lights."

View 3D Model ↗
Rocket Train

"A high-speed futuristic train engine retrofitted with massive rocket boosters."

View 3D Model ↗
Totem-Pole Rocket

"A space rocket carved to look like a wooden tribal totem pole."

View 3D Model ↗
Junkyard Dog Robot

"A robotic canine assembled from scrap metal and trash."

View 3D Model ↗
Skull Drone

"A floating surveillance unit housed inside a human skull."

View 3D Model ↗
Solar Drone

"An autonomous surveillance drone powered by large, gossamer solar sails."

View 3D Model ↗
Feathered Jetpack

"A flight pack designed to look like mechanical angel wings."

View 3D Model ↗
Space Helmet

"A high-tech astronaut helmet with a gold visor."

View 3D Model ↗
Samurai Cyborg Helm

"A futuristic samurai helmet fusing feudal aesthetics with cyberpunk tech."

View 3D Model ↗
Astronaut Knight Armor

"A space suit designed like medieval plate armor."

View 3D Model ↗
Brick-Phone Warhammer

"A warhammer made from an indestructible retro cell phone."

View 3D Model ↗
Druid Sniper Rifle

"A long-range weapon carved from a living elder tree."

View 3D Model ↗
Railgun Crossbow

"A medieval crossbow upgraded with magnetic acceleration rails."

View 3D Model ↗

All assets generated by CubePart. Visit cubepart.github.io/browse.html for interactive 3D viewers with drag-to-rotate and explode controls.

Flexibility

Varying the Part Schema Granularity

The same object can be decomposed at different granularities just by changing the schema — from 2 parts up to 8 parts. CubePart resolves ambiguous boundaries by introducing relevant part names.

Two input meshes (motorcycle and dune buggy) each decomposed by CubePart into 2, 4, and 8 parts showing progressive granularity
Coarse (2 parts)
With only 2 parts in the schema, the model merges fenders into wheels. Good for simple assets or when only broad structural separation is needed.
Fine-Grained (4-8 parts)
With 4 to 8 parts, explicit part names resolve ambiguity and produce fine-grained components. Ideal for complex game assets requiring detailed animation and physics control.
Comparisons

CubePart vs Prior Methods

Unlike prior methods that either fix the part vocabulary or infer parts implicitly from 2D segmentation, CubePart guarantees alignment between generated meshes and a user-defined open-vocabulary schema.

Qualitative comparison on PartObjaverse-Tiny: five rows (house, character, horned figure, flowerpot, kettle) comparing Ground-Truth, CubePart, PatchAlign3D+HoloPart, SAM3+OmniPart, PartCrafter, and PartPacker
MethodPart Controllable?Part-VocabularySchema AdherenceBoundary Quality
PartCrafterNoImplicit✗ LowNoisy
PartPackerNoImplicit✗ LowModerate
HoloPartYesFixed▲ MediumGood
OmniPartNoImplicit✗ LowModerate
CubePartYesOpen-Vocabulary✓ HighBest
Metrics

Quantitative Evaluation on PartObjaverse-Tiny

Method Part CD ↓ Part F-score ↑ Holistic CD ↓ Holistic F-score ↑
PartCrafter0.4930.2900.2720.552
PartPacker0.3740.4750.1640.792
PatchAlign3D + HoloPart0.3090.5490.0500.970
SAM3 + OmniPart0.3090.6300.0530.970
CubePart (Ours)0.2510.7430.0480.974

CD = Chamfer Distance (lower is better) · F-score (higher is better). CubePart demonstrates consistent improvements in structural completeness and part-level accuracy.

Tool

GLB Part Manifest Builder

Build a structured manifest for your multi-part GLB files, compatible with CubePart's part schema format. Define part names, types, and properties ready for game engine import.

Resources

CubePart Prompt Templates

Ready-to-use prompt templates covering characters, vehicles, weapons, environments, and mechanical constructs. Each includes a suggested part schema.

🤖 Sci-Fi Robot

"A humanoid robot with a sleek metallic finish"

head torso left_arm right_arm legs
🏎 Fantasy Vehicle

"A steampunk airship with brass propellers"

hull propellers rudder cabin landing_gear
🗡 Fantasy Weapon

"An enchanted crystal sword with a golden hilt"

blade hilt guard pommel crystal
🐢 Mechanical Creature

"A clockwork dragon with brass scales and ruby eyes"

head wings body tail legs
📦 Container / Prop

"A pirate treasure chest with brass fittings"

lid base lock hinges
🏠 Architecture / Environment

"A fantasy wizard tower with a crystal dome"

tower_base roof crystal_dome balcony door
Roblox

CubePart + Roblox Studio: Script-Ready Naming Guide

How to name your parts so they match Roblox scripting conventions and are immediately usable with Lua scripts, animation controllers, and physics constraints.

✅ Good Naming Conventions
  • LeftArm, RightArm
  • EngineBlock, TurretBase
  • FrontWheel_L, FrontWheel_R
  • Door_Front, Door_Rear
  • CockpitGlass, HullArmor
⚠ Avoid These Patterns
  • part_1, mesh_003
  • a large metallic component
  • unnamed_geometry
  • merged_body_and_wheels
-- Roblox Lua: Access parts directly by name local vehicle = script.Parent local turret = vehicle:WaitForChild("TurretBase") local wheels = { vehicle:WaitForChild("FrontWheel_L"), vehicle:WaitForChild("FrontWheel_R"), vehicle:WaitForChild("RearWheel_L"), vehicle:WaitForChild("RearWheel_R") } -- Apply behavior scripts to named parts local function SpinTurret(angle) turret:PivotTo(turret:GetPivot() * CFrame.Angles(0, math.rad(angle), 0)) end
Workflow

Game Engine Integration Workflow

How CubePart-generated multi-part meshes flow into game engines without manual post-processing.

① Define Schema
Create a parts schema (e.g. [body, wheels, turret, barrel]) that matches your gameplay code's expected part structure.
② Generate with CubePart
Run CubePart with your text prompt and schema. Receive multiple GLB files — one per schema element with correct naming.
③ Import & Animate
Import into Roblox Studio / Unity / Unreal. Parts are already separated and named — ready for require, WaitForChild, and physics joints.
Research

Related Research Papers

Papers recommended by Semantic Scholar as related to CubePart's research direction.

Rigel3D: Rig-aware Latents for Animation-Ready 3D Asset Generation
2026 — Addresses rig-aware 3D generation for animation-ready assets, complementary to CubePart's part-controllable approach.
PhysForge: Generating Physics-Grounded 3D Assets for Interactive Virtual Worlds
2026 — Physics-grounded generation for interactive environments, aligning with CubePart's game-ready focus.
Seed3D 2.0: High-Fidelity Simulation-Ready 3D Content Generation
2026 — Advances simulation-ready 3D content with high geometric fidelity.
UniMesh: Unifying 3D Mesh Understanding and Generation
2026 — Unified framework bridging mesh understanding and generation tasks.
Ecosystem

CubePart vs Other AI 3D Tools

How CubePart compares to popular AI 3D generation tools in terms of part control, game engine readiness, and schema support.

ToolMulti-Part OutputNamed PartsSchema ControlGame Engine ReadyOpen Source
CubePartYesYesOpen-vocabularyYesYes
MeshyNoNoNoManualNo
TripoNoNoNoManualNo
RodinNoNoNoManualNo
SplineNoNoNoManualNo
HoloPartYesFixedFixed taxonomyPartialYes
OmniPartYesNoNoNoYes

CubePart is the only tool that combines open-vocabulary schema control with game-ready multi-part mesh output.

Applications

Use Cases for CubePart-Powered Assets

🎮 Roblox Game Development
Generate game-ready assets with named parts that directly match your Lua scripts. No manual mesh cutting or renaming needed.
🎬 Animation & Cinematics
Animate individual parts independently — spinning rotors, opening doors, articulated limbs — without complex rigging setup.
⚙ Physics Simulation
Attach physics constraints to specific named parts for realistic destruction, vehicle dynamics, and mechanical interactions.
🕹 Rapid Prototyping
Quickly iterate on asset concepts by adjusting the schema — try 2-part, 4-part, or 8-part decompositions of the same object.
📚 AI Research & Benchmarking
Use as a baseline for part-based 3D generation research. Open-source code, public dataset, and reproducible evaluation metrics.
🌐 Indie Game Development
Free, open-source alternative to commercial 3D asset generators. Works with Unity, Unreal, Godot, and any engine that supports GLB/glTF.
FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions About CubePart

CubePart is an open-vocabulary part-controllable 3D generator developed by researchers at Roblox, with collaborators from Carnegie Mellon University and Stanford University. It was published at SIGGRAPH 2026. The project generates multi-part 3D mesh assets where each component is a distinct, named mesh ready for game engine integration.
A part schema is a user-defined list of part names that specifies how a 3D object should be decomposed. For example, for a car the schema could be [body, wheels, doors, engine, headlights]. You can use our free Schema Generator to create schemas instantly, or manually define them as comma-separated lists of part names.
Most AI 3D generators (Meshy, Tripo, Rodin) produce a single monolithic mesh that cannot be easily separated into functional parts. CubePart generates separate, named meshes for each part of the object, enabling direct use with animation, physics, and gameplay scripts without manual post-processing.
Yes. The CubePart code is open source and available on GitHub at Roblox/cube. The repository includes the multi-part DiT model, shape VAE, training pipeline, and evaluation code.
CubePart outputs GLB (glTF Binary) files — the standard format for 3D assets on the web and in game engines. Each part is a separate GLB file named according to the schema.
No. cubepar.org is an independent, unofficial resource. We provide free tools, guides, and information about CubePart technology. We are not affiliated with Roblox Corporation. The official CubePart project is at cubepart.github.io.
Cite

Cite CubePart in Your Research

If you use CubePart in your academic work, please cite the SIGGRAPH 2026 paper.

@inproceedings{zhu2026cubepart, author = {Zhu, Yiheng and Deng, Kangle and Fauconnier, Jean-Philippe and Navarro, Inaki and Li, Daiqing and Pun, Ava and Zhang, Yinan and Zhuang, Peiye and Sun, Xiaoxia and Agrawala, Maneesh and Bhat, Kiran and Zhou, Tinghui}, title = {CubePart: An Open-Vocabulary Part-Controllable 3D Generator}, booktitle = {SIGGRAPH}, year = {2026}, }

arXiv 2605.28763 Official Project Page

SEO

CubePar Keyword Map

Core, long-tail, and technical keywords for CubePart and part-controllable 3D generation.

🎯 Core Keywords
cubepar CubePart CubePart demo CubePart generator CubePart AI Roblox CubePart CubePart Hugging Face CubePart GitHub CubePart arXiv cubepar.org
🔎 Long-Tail Keywords
open-vocabulary part-controllable 3D generator part-controllable 3D mesh generation part schema generator text to 3D mesh with named parts AI 3D assets for Roblox Studio GLB part manifest builder animation-ready 3D asset generator game-ready AI 3D mesh workflow semantic part decomposition 3D mesh
🔬 Technical Keywords
VecSet MMDiT Qwen-VL cross-part attention VLM part labeling multi-part mesh generation mesh decomposition PartVerseXL Chamfer Distance GLB glTF
🌎 Competitor Keywords
HoloPart OmniPart PartCrafter PartPacker Meshy AI Tripo 3D Rodin 3D Spline 3D
Community

CubePart Community & Resources

🤗 HF Model: Roblox/cubepart
Text-to-3D model card on Hugging Face. Includes checkpoint with multi-part DiT and shape VAE.
🧰 HF Space: cubepart-demo
Interactive demo where you can try CubePart with your own prompts and schemas in the browser.
📖 HF Paper Discussion
Community discussion, related paper recommendations, and Q&A on the Hugging Face papers page.
Quick Start

How to Get Started with CubePart

1. Try the Live Demo
Visit the CubePart demo on this page or the official HF Space. Experiment with different prompts and schemas to see how part control works.
2. Generate Your Schema
Use our free Schema Generator to create part schemas for your objects. Think about which parts need independent animation or physics.
3. Clone & Run Locally
Clone Roblox/cube from GitHub. Follow the setup instructions in cubepart/README.md to run generation locally with your own prompts and schemas.

Disclaimer: cubepar.org is an independent, unofficial resource. We are not affiliated with, endorsed by, or sponsored by Roblox Corporation, Carnegie Mellon University, Stanford University, Hugging Face, or any of the CubePart paper authors. The CubePart name and technology are property of their respective owners. This site provides free educational tools and references about CubePart, an open-source research project. Official CubePart project: cubepart.github.io. Paper images used under CC BY 4.0.